A cikin labarin na gaba zamuyi duba EncryptFS. Waɗanda ke neman hanya mai sauƙi da ta duniya zuwa ɓoye babban fayil ɗin mai amfani a cikin Ubuntu ba sa buƙatar neman wani abu sama da EcryptFS. Lokacin da aka saita su yadda yakamata, masu amfani zasu iya ɓoyewa da kuma ɓoye sirrinsu ba tare da ƙoƙari mai yawa ba.
Shigar da wannan kayan aikin da amfani da shi abu ne mai sauki. EcryptFS yana adana metadata mai ƙira a cikin taken kowane fayil. Za'a share fayil din tare da madannin da ya dace a cikin ringin maballin Gnu / Linux. Babu buƙatar adana duk wani ƙarin bayani banda abin da ya rigaya ya kasance cikin fayil ɗin ɓoyayyen.
Shigar da EcryptFS
Kafin mu fara kowane ɓoyayyen ɓoye, dole ne mu girka kayan aikin. Yana aiki akan kusan duk rarraba Gnu / Linux. A cikin Ubuntu, zamu iya girka wannan kayan aikin ta buɗe tashar (Ctrl + Alt + T) da kuma bugawa a ciki:
sudo apt install ecryptfs-utils
Ɓoye babban fayil ɗin gida
A yayin wannan aikin ɓoyewar, za mu ƙirƙiri mai amfani na ɗan lokaci. A ƙarshe za mu cire shi gaba ɗaya. Wannan asusun na superuser na ɗan lokaci yana da mahimmanci saboda ba zai yiwu a ɓoye kundin bayanan mai amfani ba yayin haɗawa.
Createirƙiri sabon mai amfani
Don ƙirƙirar sabon mai amfani, zamu buɗe tashar kuma buga:
sudo -s
Yanzu da harsashi ya zama tushe, muna amfani da useradd don ƙirƙirar asusun na ɗan lokaci Tabbatar da theara -M don kada tsarin ya ƙirƙiri sabon kundin adireshin mai amfani.
useradd -M encriptacion-admin
Useradd zai ƙirƙiri sabon mai amfani, amma ba shi da kalmar sirri. Tare da passwd, za mu sanya ɓoye-admin sabon kalmar sirri.
passwd encriptacion-admin
Mai amfani da ɓoye-ɓoye yana shirye don amfani, amma ba zai iya aiwatar da umarnin tushen ba. Don bawa mai amfani damar aiwatar da waɗannan umarnin, zamu buƙaci itara shi zuwa fayil ɗin sudoers. Ta amfani da visudo, zamu shirya fayil ɗin sanyi. Don yin wannan a cikin tashar (Ctrl + Alt T) za mu rubuta:
EDITOR=nano visudo
A cikin editan rubutu na Nano, za mu gangara ƙasa don bincika «# Bayanin gatan mai amfani«. A ƙasa da wannan, ya kamata mu gani «tushen ALL = (ALL: ALL) ALL«. Kamar ƙasan, zamu rubuta masu zuwa:
encriptacion-admin ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL
Wannan duk kenan. Adana fayil ɗin visudo ta latsa Ctrl + O sannan a rufe tare da Ctrl + X.
Bari mu fara ɓoyewa
Don fara aikin ɓoyewa, dole ne ku fita daga mai amfani da muke shirin fara ɓoyewa akansa. A allon shiga, za mu danna Ctrl + Alt + F1. Idan wannan haɗin bai yi aiki ba, gwada F2 zuwa F6.
Buga boye-admin (ko sunan mai amfani da kuka ƙirƙira a cikin maganar da ta gabata) a hanzarin shiga. To, za mu rubuta kalmar sirri da aka saita a baya. Yanzu zamu iya amfani da EcryptFS don fara ɓoyewar.
A cikin umarnin mai zuwa, canza «sunan mai amfani»Da sunan asusun mai amfani a kan abin da kake son yin aiki:
sudo ecryptfs-migrate-home –u tu-nombre-de-usuario
Umurnin da ke sama zai yi ƙaura ga mai amfani da shi zuwa babban fayil ɗin ɓoyayyen gida, kuma yana iya ɗaukar ɗan lokaci gwargwadon sararin da kuka keɓe ga wannan fayil ɗin. Yanzu zamu iya rufe zaman mai amfani na ɗan lokaci kuma mu koma ga mai amfani na yau da kullun.
Add kalmar sirri boye-boye
EcryptFS ya kusan shirya don tafiya. Abin da ya rage shi ne saita sabuwar password. Bude m, ba tare da amfani da sudo ko tushe ba kuma rubuta umarnin mai zuwa:
ecryptfs-add-passphrase
Lura cewa ɓoyayyen ɓoye bashi da ma'ana ba tare da kalmar sirri mai ƙarfi ba. Don samun amintaccen kalmar sirri, kuna iya zama mai ban sha'awa tuntuɓar labarin da muka buga a cikin wannan shafin game da shi yadda ake samar da kalmomin shiga masu karfi kuma a duba su daga tashar.
Lokacin da "ecryptfs-add-passphrase" ya kammala, babban fayil ɗin mai amfani ya kamata a ɓoye shi sosai. Don fara amfani da wannan kariya, sake kunna kwamfutarka. Bayan sake kunnawa, EcryptFS zai tambaye mu sabon kalmar sirri don shiga daidai.
Share asusun mai amfani na ɗan lokaci
EcryptFS yana aiki kuma yana aiki, saboda haka lokaci yayi da za'a tsage asusun ajiyar da muka yi amfani dashi. Fara fara cire shi daga fayil din sudoers. Bude m (Ctrl + Alt T) kuma rubuta:
sudo -s EDITOR=nano visudo
Gungura cikin fayil ɗin sudoers kuma cire lambar da aka ƙara a baya.
encriptacion-admin ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL
Adana fayil ɗin sudoers ta latsa Ctrl + O akan maballin. Yanzu zamu fita tare da Ctrl + X.
Mai amfani da ɓoyayyen-bayanan ba shi da wata damar samun tushen tushe ko gyaggyara tsarin ta kowace hanya. A wannan gaba, bashi da lahani, kuma yana yiwuwa a barshi anan. Har yanzu, idan baku da sha'awar samun masu amfani da yawa akan ƙungiyar ku, yana iya zama kyakkyawan ra'ayin cire shi gaba ɗaya. A cikin m (Ctrl + Alt T), yi amfani da umarnin mai amfani don cire shi. Rubuta a kai:
sudo userdel encriptacion-admin
Idan wani yana son ƙarin sani game da wannan kayan aikin, zasu iya tuntuɓar aikin yanar gizo.
Barka dai. Ina ƙoƙarin ɓoye folda na mai amfani akan Ubuntu na Linux Mint, kuma ga alama komai yana da kyau, koda lokacin da zan ajiye canje-canje da kuma fita nano visudo, danna Ctrl + O don adana canje-canje sannan in rufe tare da Ctrl + X .
Ba bayyane a gare ni ba idan ya kiyaye shi da kyau. Abinda na sani shine cewa baya rufe fayil din.
Me zai iya faruwa?
Michael
Barka dai. Gwada gwada sudo tare da umarnin (sudo EDITOR = nano visudo). Salu2.
Na gode don amsawa. Bai yi aiki ba. Idan kuna da wasu shawarwari, komai nisan nesa. Kada ku yi jinkirin yin tsokaci.
Maimakon Nano, yi amfani da gedit.