Kuna buƙatar girka tar.gz kuma baku san ta yaya ba? Sau dayawa zamu girka wani shiri kuma munsan cewa baya cikin wata ma'ajiya sannan kuma babu wata hanyar da za'a girka ta sai daga lambar tushe.
Lokacin da zamu girka aikace-aikace ta hanyar lambar tushe, galibi muna sauke kunshin tar.gz wanda ya ƙunshi Duk aikin, kuma daga nan ne dole mu shigar ko gudanar da shirin. Yin hakan na iya zama aiki mai ban tsoro ga wasu masu amfani, don haka a Ubunlog muna son yin ƙaramin jagora kan yadda ake shigar da tar.gz ko shirin daga lambar tushe. Mun fara.
Lokacin cikin Ubunlog muna magana game da kowane shirin kyauta Kullum muna ambaci abin da manda yake a GitHub. Yawancin lokaci, waɗannan shirye-shiryen an riga an ƙara su ko dai a cikin wuraren ajiya na Ubuntu, ko a wasu sanannun wuraren ajiya.
Duk da haka, wani lokacin waɗancan suna nunawa BASU cikin kowace ma'ajiya, kuma hanya daya tilo mai yuwuwa da zazzage su ita ce ta hanyar shiga rumbun ajiyar su na GitHub, zazzage aikin da shigar da shi / sarrafa shi kai tsaye daga lambar tushe. Kuma wannan shine lokacin da yawancin masu amfani suke mamaki: Na riga na sami tar.gz ... Yanzu menene? Da kyau, girka shi galibi mai sauƙi ne.
Buɗe tar.gz
Matakin farko shine kwancewa fayil din da aka zazzage. Idan misali mun saukar da shirin ubunlog.tar.gz, zamu iya lalata shi ta hanya mai zuwa:
cd /directorio/de/descarga/ tar -zxvf ubunlog.tar.gz
A ka'ida za mu zare mukullin mai suna iri ɗaya da tar.gz, wanda zai ƙunshi aikin duka. Mataki na gaba a bayyane yake don samun damar wannan kundin adireshin, a cikin yanayinmu ta hanyar:
cd /ubunlog/
To, yanzu mahimmin abu ya zo. Yawancin shirye-shirye suna da shiri na musamman da ake kira Makefile. Wannan shirin yana tabbatar da cewa zaka iya tattara aikin gaba ɗaya ko a daidaice, ya danganta da yadda programmer ya rubuta shi. Taimakon Makefile yana da kyau ƙwarai da gaske, tunda idan babu irin wannan shirin, dole ne mu tattara DUK fayilolin ɗayan ɗaya, wanda zai zama mai wahala. Ta wannan hanyar, zamu iya tattara dukkan aikin ta hanya mai sauƙi.
Tattara
Kuma shine cewa an tattara shirin ta hanyar umarni yi, kuma kamar yadda muka ce, tana iya samun abubuwa da yawa kamar yadda mai shirye-shiryen yake so. Abu na al'ada shine mun sami waɗannan masu zuwa:
- yi: Tattara dukkan aikin.
- yi tsabta: Yana share duk fayilolin tattarawa kuma ya bar komai kamar dai ba'a taɓa tattara shi ba.
- yi shigar: Matsar da duk fayilolin da ake buƙata don gudanar da aikace-aikacen, zuwa kundin adireshin da suka dace.
Har yanzu hanyar da za mu iya gudu yi, koyaushe ya dogara yadda ake aiwatar da Makefile. Daidai don sanin yadda zamu aiwatar da shi, da kuma waɗanne sigogi da muke da su, zamu iya duba fayil ɗin README, inda a tsakanin wasu abubuwa, ya kamata a bayyana mana ta waɗanne hanyoyi ne zamu iya aiwatar da Makefile.
Amma ba shakka ... Shirye-shiryen suna amfani da dakunan karatu na tsarin wanda a bayyane yake cewa dole ne a girka don shirin ya iya aiki daidai, kuma mutum bazai sani ba idan kuna da komai a shirye don shigar da shirin da kuke so.
Don yin wannan, akwai umarnin ./configure. Ainihin, wannan umarnin yana sanar da mu game da tsarinmu Ya shirya shigar da shirin, ma'ana, idan kana da duk dakunan karatu masu mahimmanci shigar. Idan ba haka ba, ana sanar da mu ta hanyar sakon kuskure, kuma wannan shine lokacin da ya kamata mu duba wane kunshin ko ɗakin karatu muka ɓace kuma mu ci gaba da girka kanmu.
Sanya tar.gz
Da kyau, a wannan lokacin, ya kamata ku riga kun san abin da za ku yi don shigar da shirin daga lambar asalinsa, amma a bayyane yake cewa ba ma so mu sanya shi wahala gare ku, don haka za mu yi shi mataki-mataki.
Kasancewa cikin kundin adireshin wanda ya ƙunshi dukkan aikin (a cikin yanayinmu ana kiran shi /ubunlog/), dole ne mu aiwatar da wadannan:
[/phpíritu./ daidaitawa
yi
sanya kafa [/ php]
Kuma a ƙarshen aiwatar da umarni na ƙarshe ya kamata mu riga mun shigar da shirin.
Yanzu, duk da cewa mafi yawan lokuta wannan aikin zai yi mana aiki, bazai zama lamarin ba. Game da fahimtar abin da muke yi ne ba kawai aiwatar da umarni ba kamar mahaukaci. Da wannan ina nufin cewa idan muka zazzage shirin da bashi da Makefile, falsafa zata kasance iri daya, duk da cewa bamu da irin wannan fayil ɗin a hannunmu.
Misali, wani lokacin nakan zazzage wasu shirye-shiryen tebur na GNU / Linux, wanda aka rubuta a Python kuma ba tare da Makefile ba. Kamar yadda na fada muku, duk da cewa ba ku da shi yi A wurina, falsafar iri daya ce. A waɗannan yanayin, kawai dole ne in gudanar da shirin Python (wanda ake kira saita.py) don shigar da aikace-aikacen da ake tambaya.
Me dole ne koyaushe mu yi komai kafin komai, shine ka karanta README, wanda anan ne zamuyi bayanin yadda ake girka ko hada shirin. Da zarar an karanta, dole ne mu bi matakan da aka nuna mana, wanda mafi yawan lokuta sune waɗanda muka bayyana a cikin wannan labarin.
Muna fatan ya taimaka muku kuma yanzu ba ku da matsala shigar da shirye-shirye daga lambar asalin su.